SIGMUND FREUD (1856-1939)
Sigmund Freud adalah seorang dokter berkebangsaan Austria yang menyelidiki pekerjaan tentang pikiran manusia.Ia mengembangkan psikologianalisis yang mana keduanya baik mengobati gangguan mental dan teori tentang bagaimana pikiran bekerja.
Freud lahir di Moravia, yang mana sekarang menjadi bagian Czechoslovakia.Waktu umur 4 tahun keluarganya pindah keVienna, Austria. Freud masuk ke Universitas Vienna sewaktu dia berumur 17 tahun. Suatu hari Ia mengahadiri kuliah alam. Dia sangat terpesona dan memutuskan menjadi dokter.
Freud tertarik pada penyakit dari pikiran. Pada 1885 dia memenangkan beasiswa untuk belajar di Paris dibawah bimbingan dokter, Jean Martin Chariot yang terkenal untuk karyanya pada jenis penyakit tersebut.Tahun berikutnya, Freud kembali ke Vienna, menikah dan memulai untuk mengobati penyakit dari pikiran.
Freud memiliki wawasan besar ke dalam pikiran manusia. Ia berpikir bahwa setiap orang lahir dengan kebutuhan tertentu, katanya secara tidaksadar orang-orang tidak menyadari untuk memikirkan kebutuhan tersebut. Freud menanamkan bagian dari pikiran bawah sadar yang mengontrol kebutuhan naluriah id (kesenangan) dan berkata id atau kesenangan orang itu bekerja untuk memberikan kesenangan.
Freud juga mengatakan, seperti kita tumbuh dari masa kanak-kanak, kita memperoleh ego, kumpulan kenangan dan pikiran yang membantu kita menangani dengan kata disekitar kita. Kita terus bertumbuh, dan melalui ajaran dari keluarga dan masyarakat, kita mengembangkan norma – mengakui. Superego dan id kita sering mendorong dengan cara yang berlawanan, ego kita biasanya mengurangi konflik ini dengan membantu kita untuk mendapatkan kesenagan tanpa ” menyakiti “ hati nurani kita.
Tetapi jika pikiran bawah orang dan kebutuhan sangat kuat mereka dapat menyebabkan perilaku yang tidak biasa atau gangguan mental. Pengobatan Freud untuk neurosis adalah psikoanalisis (pemeriksaanbatin), sebuah metode untuk mengungkap pikiran-pikiran bawah sadar dan memahami bagaimana mereka menimbulkan masalah, pikiran Freud bahwa mimpi-bahkan mimpi yang sepertinya tidak masuk akal- adalah petunjuk yang sangat penting untuk memahami pikiran.
Exercise I
Answer these following question based on the above text
1. When was Sigmund Freud born? He was born in 1856
2. How old did he die? When he 83 years old
3. What was he concerned with? About explored the working of the human mind
4. When did he join Univercity? What major did he study? When he was 17 !diseases of the mind
5. Why did he want to be a doctor? Because one day he attended a lecture of nature then he was so fascinated with it
6. Who is Jean martin chariot? He is doctor who guidance Freud in Paris
7. According to Freud, foof and drink are unconscious needs. Why did he say so?
8. These needs, he sad are unconscious – people are no aware of thingking about such needs. What does “dash” (-)” mean?
9. Mention the examples of conscious needs and don’t forget to explain each.
10. What do id, ego, and superego mean? Explain by giving examples of each? Id = a wish or longing Ego = an act to get desire superego = something which controlling an act
Example :
Superego : the communities prohibit something pornographic in Indonesia, so Indonesian people keep they attitude to dressing
Id : but some people do not approve of the ban, such a reason and customs, so some people still think that’s fine and they still dressed in their usual.
Ego : so, we determine for themselves what is in our conscience, according to our group, better prioritize superego
Conscious, make his mind up, fellowship fascinate, and acquire, disrubance, dealing, and ego
1. He is always confused to choose which girl he should marry. His friends tells him tomake his mind up Which girl he tendsto marry quickly.
2. He is a smart students but poor. He wants to enter university without paying. His uncle, then, ask him to join afellowship program.
3. My child is always interested in toys- cars and always ask me to buy them. One we went shopping in delta plaza. Suddenly he stopped in front of a car shop and pointed out the big car. As a mater of fact, he wasfascinated By the car, which was like his toy-car. And do you know what happened? and he asked me to buy that car.
4. He was come for days, but now she fully………...again
5. Some students says, that they study hard because they want to get reward from their parents. Some want to obtain good marks and some other want toecquireknowledge only
6. Conscious Some problems we have discuss, would you please attend the meeting schedule on Saturday night , 17 agust 1995 at my house. Because it very urgent, no excuse for your not to come to the meeting. Thanks a lot
